Ward george parry



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. M BYE & E G PARRY SAFETY DEVICE FORBREAKDOWN GUNS.

No. 495,298 Patented Apr. 11, 1893.

(gamma/bow 52mm y mam ML 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

{No Model.)

M. BYE & E. G. PARRY. SAFETY DEVICE FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

a, w Maw 9 w 5 u m H g e t a P 55mg H 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

M. BYE 81; E. G. PARRY. SAFBTYDEVIGE FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

P tented Apr. 11, 1893.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFF C MARTIN BYE AND EDWARD GEORGE PARRY, OFWORCESTER,

' MASSACHUSETTS.

SAFETY DEVIoE FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 493,298, dated April11, 1893,

I Q Application filed November 17. 1:192. Serial No. 45 2.257. (mlmodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, MARTIN BYE and ED- WARD GEORGE PARRY, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Worcester andState of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Firearms; and we do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, which, in connection withthe drawings making a part of this specification, will enable othersskilled in the art to which ourinvention belongs to make and use thesame.

Our invention relates to breech loading firearms, and more particularlyto that class of fire-arms termed, break down hammerless guns, and theobject of .our invention is to improve upon, and simplify theconstruction of breech loading fire-arms of the class above referred to,and more particularly to make a fire-arm provided with a supplementalsafety attachment, combined with the hammer main spring, to prevent thepremature or accidental discharge of the gun by pulling the trigger.

Our invention consists in certain novel features of construction andoperation of a breech loading fire-arm,and more particularly incombining with the frame of the gun an external safety lever combinedwith the main spring of the hammer, in such a manner as to prevent theoperation of the hammer by pulling the trigger, except by pressing inthe safety lever, and also in combining with the safety lever a lockingbolt for securing the barrel portion to the stock, and doing away withthe ordinary top snap lever for that purpose, as will be hereinafterdescribed.

We have shown in the drawings our improvements applied to a singlebarrel gun, but they may be equally well applied to, and used inconnection with a double barrel gun if desired.

Referring to the drawingsz-Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section,of a portion of a gun with our improvements applied thereto, the barrelportion being partially broken down, and showing the position of thecocking and firing mechanism after the gun has been fired, andre-cocked. Fig. 2 corresponds to Fig. 1, but shows the barrel portionlocked to the frame, preparatory to firing.

Fig. 3 7

corresponds to Fig. 2, but shows the safety lever pushed in, and thehammermainspring in position to operate the hammer upon the pulling ofthe trigger. Fig. 4correspondsto Fig. 3, but shows the position of thehammer after the gun has been fired, previous to the cocking of thehammer by the action of the main spring, and the unlocking'of the barrelportion to break down the. gun. Fig. 5 is 6 a side view of the hammerdetached. Fig. 6 is a front edge view of the hammer, looking inthedirection of arrow a, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side view of the safetylever detached. Fig. 8 1s a plan view, looking in the direction of 6arrow b, Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a side view of the hammer main spring. Fig.,10 is a top view, looking in the figure.

We have shown in the drawingsonly such 7 portions of a breech loadingfire-arm as are necessary to fully illustrate the nature of ourimprovements applied thereto.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 is the frame or stock of the gun, 2 thebarrel portion hinged to the front part of the frame by the pin 3, and 4the shell extractor, see Fig. 1.

The frame 1 of the gun may be made of any ordinary shape, but is notprovided withthe ordinary top snap lever for locking the bar-- relportion to the frame. The frame 1 is provided with the ordinary firingpin 5, and trigdirection of arrow 0, same i ger guard 6, and isslottedout in its front por- 4 ing and firing mechanism. The hammer IO is hungon a pin 11 in the lower front portion of the frame, and is preferablymade of the shape shownin Figs. 5 and 6, having the hub portion 10' overwhich the locking lever 9 extends when the parts are assembled, and theside extensions 10", see Fig. 6, for the purpose hereinafter described.The hammer main spring 13 is free at both ends, and is adapted to have alongitudinal motion,.and

tone end extends over the side extension 10" bf the hammer 10, upon theopposite side of the hammer from the locking lever 9, and is providedwith ananti-friction roll 12 mounted therein, which is adapted to rideon the projecting fl at portion of the side extension 10" bf the hammer,and to travel toward a away from the pivot point of the hammer, so as tobear upon one side or the other of the pivot point, as shown in Figs. 2and 3. The bther end of the main spring 13, which extends upon theopposite side of the trigger from the locking lever 9, is made forkedorbifurcated, as shown at 13 Fig. 10, and .is provided with an antifriction roll 14, which is adapted to travel and bear on a cam plate115, made integral with the frame 1, or secured thereto.

In the drawings the trigger and sear are shown made in one piece, but ifpreferred they may be made separate.

The trigger 16 is hung on a pin 17, which extends'through the frameabove the main spring 13; a trigger spring 16' acts on the trigger inthe usual way. The trigger 16 is provided with a projection 16" formingthe sear adapted to engage the notch 17 in the hammer 10. The inner endof the locking lever 9 is pivotally connected by a pin 20 to the upperend of the safety lever 21. The safety lever 21 is of angle shape, andis pivbted preferably on a pin 22 secured in the rear portion of theguard 6. One end of the safety lever 21 extends up within the frame 1,through a slot or opening in thelower edge thereof, and the other endextends in this instance upon the lower side of the frame 1, and isprovided with the broad portion 21', see Fig. 8, adapted to extend uponthe outside of the frame to furnish a grasping surface, and the fin-likeportion 21", adapted to extend in a slot or groove made in the loweredge of the frame 1. The inner end of the safety lever 21 extendsthrough the bifurcated or forked end 13' of the main spring 13, and isconnected with said main spring by pins 20 extending out from theopposite side of the lever 21, and adapted to fit into depressions 13"in the upper surface of the main spring 13.

By means of the connection between the hammer main spring 13, and theinner end of the safety lever 21, the rocking of the lever 21 on itspivot pin will communicate a longitudinal motion to the hammer spring13, and at the same time to the locking lever 9, connected tothe innerend of the safety lever 21; and any longitudinal motion of the mainspring 13, which is free to move longitudinally, except for itsconnection with the inner end of the lever 21, will cause the lever 21to rock on its pivot pin, and will also cause the locking lever 9 tomove longitudinally. The tension of the hammer main spring 13, confinedbetween its two bearing points, (the roll 12 on the side extension 10"of the hammer 10, and the roll 14 on the cam surface 15,) by pins 20 onthe lever 21, will tend to rock the lever 21 on its pivot pin, and toforce and hold out the outer end of said lever as -shown in Fig. 2.

The operation of our improved cocking and firing mechanism will bereadily understood from-the above description in connection with thedrawings, and is as follows: Immediately after the gun is fired theparts of the cocking and firing mechanism will be in the position shownin Fig. 4. The tension of the main spring 13 now acts to cause the roll14 to travel down the decline in the cam surface 15, and move thespring13 longitudinally the longitudinal movement of the spring13 will causethe roll 12 to travel on the side extension 10" of the hammer toward andbeyond the pivot point of said hammer, thus cooking the hammer as shownin Fig. 1, at the same time the lever 21 will be rocked on its pivotpin, and the outer end thereof be moved out and away from the frame, andthe locking lever 9 will be moved with said lever, and the locking bolt9' will be disengaged from the slot in the barrel lug, to allow the gunto be broken down as shown in Fig. 1. The tension of the main spring 13causes the roll 14 to ride up the incline on the cam surface 15, androck the lever 21, and move the locking lever 9 so as to free thelocking bolt 9' from the slot Sin the 7 barrel lug 7, see Fig. 1. Afterthe barrel portion is broken down, the return of the roll 14 down theincline to the lowest point in the cam surface 15, will slightly movethe lever 21, and also the locking lever 9, and force the locking plate9' into the slotted portion of the frame, so that in the closing of thebarrel portion the lower edge of the barrel lug 7 will strike againstthe end of the plate 9, and force it slightly backward, causing the roll14 to ride up on the incline 15" until thebarrel portion is in itsnormal position, when the tension of the spring 13 will cause the roll14 to return to the lowest point in the cam 15, and force the plate 9'of the locking lever 9 into the slot 8, to lock the barrel portion tothe frame, as shown in Fig. 2. The gun is now cocked preparatory to'firing, as shown in Fig. 2, but by reason of the roll 12 on the mainspring 13, bearing back of the pivot point of the hammer, as shown inFigs. 1 and IIO 2, the gun cannot be discharged by pulling the trigger,for the hammer will not operate to fire the gun, and in order to firethe gun it is necessary to move the main spring 13 longitudinally tocause the roll 12 to move forward and ahead of the pivot point of thehammer, and this is done by grasping and pressing inwardly the outer endof the safety lever 21. The position of the safety lever 21, relativelyto the frame 1 is such, that itis readily grasped by the hand,preparatory to drawing the trigger to fire the gun, and the inwardpressure of the safety lever 21 causes the lever to rock on its pivotpin 22, and the inner end thereof,

carrying the pins 20 which extend in depressions 13" of the main spring13, to move 1ongitudinally the main spring 13, and cause the roll 14 toride up the incline 15 of the cam surface 15, and the roll 12 to ride upon the extension 10 on the hammer, forward of the pivot point of thehammer 10, as shown in Fig. 3, and at the same time to move the lookingbar 0 and force the plate 9' thereof farther into the slot Sin thebarrel lug. The gun may now be discharged by pulling the trigger in theordinary way. After the gun is discharged the safety lever 21 isreleased from the grasp of the user, and the main spring 13 acts to rockthe lever, and move outwardly the outer end thereof, and at the sametime cook the hammer and unlock the barrel portion as above described.

The advantages of our improvements in breech loading fire-arms will bereadily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

We make a fire-arm in which the top snap lever is dispensed with, and wemake the cocking and firing mechanism of very simple construction andoperation, and consisting only of the trigger, hammer, hammer mainspring, and the safety lever attachment, combined with the hammer mainspring, and the barrel locking lever.

By means of the safety lever attachment any premature or accidentaldischarge of the gun by the pulling of the trigger is prevented, and inorder to discharge the gun it is necessary to first grasp and pressinwardly the safety lever, to cause the main spring to act on thehammer, so that the subsequent pulling of the trigger will discharge thegun.

The safety lever may extend upon the upper side of the frame instead ofthe lower side, if preferred.

It will be understood that the details of construction of ourimprovements may be varied if desired, and they may be readily appliedto a double barrel gun.

Having thus described ourinvention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination with the hammer, of thehammer main spring, free at both ends and adapted to have a longitudinalmotion, with one end bearing on the hammer, and the other end on a camsurface, and said cam surface, and a safety lever connected at one endwith said main spring, and with its other end extending upon the outsideof the frame, for the purpose stated, substantially as set forth.

a pivoted safety lever with one end connected I with the hammer mainspring, and the other end extending upon the outside of the frame, andadapted to be moved inwardly to operate the main spring so as to firethe hammer upon the pulling of the trigger, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination with the trigger, thehammer, and the hammer main spring free at both ends and adapted to movelongitudinally, and bear at one end upon the hammer at each side of itspivot point, to fire and cock the same, and at the other end on a camsurface, and said cam surface, of a pivoted safety lever, adapted to bemoved toward and away from the frame, and with one end extending uponthe outside of the frame and its other end connected with the hammermain spring, said main spring acting to move the safety lever, and holdthe engaging end thereof in its outward position away from the frame,for the purpose stated, substantially as set forth.

4. In a breech loading fire-arm, the combination with the hammer, andthe hammer main spring, free at both ends and adapted to have alongitudinal motion, and to bear at one end upon the hammer, at eachside of its pivot point, to fire and cook the same, and at the other endon a cam surface, and said cam surface, of a pivoted safety lever, withone end extending upon the outside of the frame, and its other endconnected with the hammer main spring and with the locking lever, andsaid locking lever, adapted to have a longitudinal motion, and providedwith a locking plate or bolt adapted to engage a slot in the barrel lugto lock the barrel portion to the frame, substantially as shown anddescribed.

MARTIN BYE. EDWARD GEORGE PARRY.

WVitnesses:

J OHN O. DEWEY, KATIE FARRELL.

